Challenges of Governance and Leadership: A Study on Post COVID-19 Situation in Nigeria
1.
Introduction
The sovereign country of Nigeria is located on the western coast of Africa. It is officially known as the Federal Republic of Nigeria which is composed of 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory. Abuja is its capital (J.F Ade Ajayi . & Toyin, 2020). There are three distinct branches of the federal government of Nigeria i.e - legislative, executive, and judicial branches (Nigerian, 2020). According to the 1999 constitution, executive power is exercised by the President who serves as both the head of state and the chief executive. President is directly elected to a four-year term (Toyin O. Falola, 2020). Besides, there is a bicameral National Assembly (legislature) of Nigeria which comprises the House of Representatives and the Senate.
2.
Background of the Study
Strong Leadership and sound governance determine all kinds of
development of a country. Like the socio-economic, political, cultural,
diplomatic, and all development of a country largely depends on the ability,
qualification, efficiency, and prescience of its leadership which simplifies
and ensconce of the governance system of a country. In this regard, governance
refers to the process of formulating, and implementing public policy by
managing and allocating resources, directing, organizing people, controlling
subordinates to achieve the predetermined goals.
3.
Aims and
objectives of the research
The broad objective of this study is to assess the
leadership and governance challenges of Nigeria regarding the post-covid-19
issue.
The specific
objectives are-
a) To illustrate
the post-COVID-19 scenario of Nigeria from governance and leadership point of
view.
b) To identify the
factors that construct the challenges of leadership and governance of Nigeria
in the context of the post-COVID-19 situation.
4.
Limitations and scope of the
research
The primary focus of
this research is on the leadership and governance challenges of Nigeria. The research will be conducted mainly on the
three major cities of Nigeria i.e North Kaduna, Central Kaduna, and South Kaduna.
5.
Conceptual/theoretical framework
As the main thrust of this study is to identify the challenges of governance and leadership regarding the post-COVID-19 situation in Nigeria, this segment illustrated the conceptual framework of the study where the dependent variable is "Governance and Leadership" and the independent variable is "Post COVID-19 situation and others".
6.
Literature Review
The Federal Republic
of Nigeria is a diverse West African country which is the seventh most populous
in the world. "Giant of Africa," is the Nicknamed of Nigeria (Lauren, 2019). Although the
federal government system exists in Nigeria, it has not been able to meet any
level of good governance long after independence. It is still struggling to ensure a strong
leadership and governance system.
Godwin Okaneme (2017)
demonstrates that Leadership and governance uncertainty has been
one of the utmost irritations of the Nigerian State. The bad governance and the leadership structure of the country are proven in the extremely reluctant nature
of the country.
Additionally, Achebe illustrates that the unwillingness of government, inability, lack of precaution, accountability, and
transparency is increasing the overall challenges of Nigeria (Achebe, 2011).
Besides, the World Bank study of sub-Sahara
Africa (SSA) clarifies that African nations face a crisis of governance. The
exercise of poor and bad governance regarding the socio-economic, political and
foreign relationships are the main problems of Africa’s sustainable development.
7.
Research Questions and Sub Questions
A. How
can illustrate the post-COVID-19 scenario of Nigeria from governance and
leadershipoint of view?
a) What
will be the impact of COVID-19 in the post-COVID-19 situation of Nigeria?
b) How
does COVID-19 impact on employment opportunity?
B. What
factors can construct the challenges of leadership and governance of Nigeria in
the context of the post-COVID-19 situation?
a) How
can economic threat construct the challenges of leadership and governance of
Nigeria in the post-COVID-19 situation?
b) What
will be the challenges of trade and commerce after post-COVID-19 the situation in Nigeria?
8.
Research Methodology
For any research, it is essential to define the process involved in designing a study and to validate how the specific research design that a researcher decides to use helps to arrange the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data (D. Nachmias & Naachmias, 1997).
Data collection:
Literature Review: Considering the aim of this research, secondary data will be collected from published books.
Qualitative tools: As mentioned earlier, as a part of the mixed-method research, data will be collected from both primary and secondary sources.
Quantitative tool (Survey): As a part of the quantitative mode of data collection, a sample survey will be conducted, and to serve that purpose, a structured questionnaire will be prepared.
9. Statement of Ethics
This study will be maintained by research ethics. Voluntary participation, confidentiality, consent before interviews, and survey, as well as participant's privacy, will be maintained. Besides, the authors of this study adhere to no harm policy where no individuals or groups belonging to any segment will be harmed in any way.
10. Timeline of the Research
The full research will be conducted according to the following Plan. A review of relevant literature will be conducted in 1st two months, data will be collected and prepared in the next three months. Thus, in the 11th and 12th months, the final research report will be written.
11. References
A. Ogunmilade, G. N., & Akhigbe, O. (2017). The
Challenge of Leadership and Governance in Nigeria. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 7(14), p. 47.
A. van den Berg, E. P.-J., & Laan, G. v. (2012). Board
Diversity as a Shield During the Financial. Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg, pp. 259-261. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-31579-4_11,
Achebe, C. (2011). The Trouble with Nigeria. Enugu:
Fourth Dimension Publishing Co. Ltd,
Adamolekun, L. (2002). Governance Context and Reorientation
of Government: Public Administration in Africa, Man Issues and Selected
Country Studies. Spectrum Books Limited, p. 105.
Batten, J. D. (1989). Tough-minded Leadership. New
York: AMACOM.
Bayart, J. F. (2009). The State in Africa: The Politics of the Belly. Oxford: Polity Press, p. 41.
Beehive, T. (2017, Jun 16). Court System in Nigeria.
Retrieved from Web.archive.org:
https://web.archive.org/web/20130225110446/http://nigeria.thebeehive.org/content/1419/3221
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